Savoyard state

 ( States And Territories Established In 1003 ) 

The Savoyard state comprised the states ruled by the counts and dukes of Savoy from the Middle Ages to the formation of the Kingdom of Italy. Although it was an example of composite monarchy,

Matthew Vester (2013). 9780271091006, Penn State Press. . ISBN 9780271091006

it is a term applied to the polity by historians and was not in contemporary use. At the end of the 17th century, its population was about 1.4 million. Geoffrey Symcox. "Victor Amadaeus II: Absolutism in the Savoyard State, 1675-1730." Page 245.Gregory Hanlon. "The Hero of Italy: Odoardo Farnese, Duke of Parma, his Soldiers, and his Subjects in the Thirty Years' War." Routledge: May 2014. Page 87. Piedmont's population is given at 700,000, and Savoy's at 400,000 in 1630; Aosta and the County of Nice are not listed.

(2025). 9781612480947, Penn State University Press. . ISBN 9781612480947

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History The multi-century history of Savoy included the period before the creation of the County of Savoy, then the county, followed by the Duchy of Savoy, the period from Savoy to Sicily and Sardinia before Italian unification, and thereafter. From the Middle Ages, the state comprised the Duchy of Savoy, the Principality of Piedmont, the Duchy of Aosta, and the County of Nice, all of which were formally part of the Holy Roman Empire; however, the Savoyards often acted against the Emperor, repeatedly siding with the French during the Franco-Habsburg Wars. From 1708, it included the Duchy of Montferrat, then the Kingdom of Sicily from 1713 until 1720, the Kingdom of Sardinia from 1720, and the Duchy of Genoa from 1815.

The Final Act of the Congress of Vienna of 1815 refers to them as the " States of His Majesty the King of Sardinia". Among contemporaries, "Kingdom of Sardinia" and "Sardinia" were used as common short forms, even though they were confounded with Sardinia. "Piedmont", "Savoy-Piedmont", and "Piedmont-Sardinia" are also sometimes used to emphasise that the economic and political centre of the Savoyard state was the Piedmont since the late Middle Ages. The seat of the rulers was in Turin. Each state had independent institutions and laws.

These territories formed a composite monarchy under the House of Savoy until the Perfect Fusion in 1847. The Jews of the state were granted emancipation the next year. In 1860, Turin was made the official capital,

and by 1861, this unified state had acquired most of the other states on the Italian peninsula and formed the Kingdom of Italy, while its territories north and west of the Alps, including Savoy proper, became part of the Second French Empire.

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Terminology Scholarship has debated and used several different terms to reference the often disjointed possessions under control of the House of Savoy. Robert Oresko introduced the term "Sabaudian" in 1997.

(2025). 9781612480947, Penn State University Press. . ISBN 9781612480947

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Territory File:Pagi rhônalpins.png|Savoy during the Carolingian Empire File:Savoie 12 13e siecles.GIF|County of Savoy during the 12th File:Savoie 15e siecle.GIF|Duchy of Savoy in the 15th File:Italy 1843.svg|Italian peninsula in 1843 File:Pays de Savoie relief location map.jpg|Proper Savoy today File:Map of region of Piedmont, Italy, with provinces-it.svg|Today's administrative Piedmont in Italy

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Flags File:Königsbanner 14Jh.svg|The first counts used the Holy Roman Empire banner as proof of their loyalty to the Emperor File:Savoie flag.svg|Flag of the County of Savoy and Duchy of Savoy (1023–1783) File:Flag of the Kingdom of Sardinia.svg|Flag of the Kingdom of Sardinia used in the late 18th century (1783–1802) File:Flag of Kingdom of Sardinia (1848).svg|Flag of the Kingdom of Sardinia (1832–1848), obtained by merging the flags of Savoy, Sardinia and Genoa File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg|Flag of Kingdom of Sardinia (1848–1861)

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